Passive Sign Convention
Given the passive sign convention shown below ...
Then if at some time “t” both i(t) > 0 and v(t) > 0
Then positive charge is moving through the element from top-to-bottom at the rate i(t) (in C/sec.) and …
The rate (per unit charge) of work (energy) being done to push the charge through the element is v(t) (in J/C)
The power absorbed by the element is p(t) = v(t)i(t) in Watts (1 W = 1 J/s)